The heart is one of the main organs of the human body, which acts as a pump in charge of sending blood to the rest of the organs and systems that make it up.
During this process, called the cardiac cycle, a sequence of electrical, mechanical, sound and pressure events occurs, related to the passage of blood flow through the cardiac chambers, whose mission is to maintain hemodynamic stability and supply blood to the Body.
We know these sound events as heart beat, which represent the natural noises resulting from the opening and closing of the different valves present in the heart and which some authors describe as a constant Lub-Dup / Lub-Dup, which we can hear easily during auscultation with a stethoscope.
These two consecutive sounds represent the closing of the valves of the heart. The first Lub - Dup then corresponds to the closure of the mitral and tricuspid, or of the valves that separate the atria from the ventricles, while the second Lub - Dup is the sound produced by the valves of the Aorta and the pulmonary arteries when closing.
What are heart murmurs
When there is an anatomical alteration, in which the natural structure or physiological alterations are modified, where the normal functioning of this organ is affected, heart murmurs will originate, also known as heart murmurs, these murmurs are unusual sounds, which, as its name indicates, are characterized by being similar to a whistle or whistle. They are the result of the turbulent passage of blood through the altered heart structure.
Although these are not always pathological, in some cases, heart murmurs are innocent, in this way, the American Cardiology Association describes harmless or physiological murmurs, which are due to an increase in blood flow speed or to the change in the diameter of the cardiac structures through which the blood flows. These murmurs will be considered physiological as long as there are no symptoms of heart disease or clinical signs of heart failure.
Causes of heart murmurs
As we mentioned before, there are two types of heart murmurs or heart murmurs, these can be physiological or pathological, that is, they can be harmless or harmful.
Due to accelerated blood flow to the heart, some of the causes of faster-than-normal flow to the organ can be:
As we can see, none of the aforementioned causes directly or structurally alters the cardiovascular system.
Signs and symptoms
If the murmur is innocent, benign or physiological, there will be no other signs or symptoms in addition to the hissing or hissing sound during cardiac auscultation, on the other hand, if this murmur is pathological, the patient will present a set of manifestations that will help the doctor to reach the correct diagnosis and that indicate that we are certainly in the presence of a cardiac alteration, among the main findings we have:
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