Failure of mechanical parts means that parts are partially or completely lost in design during use. The part is completely destroyed and cannot continue to work; or the part has been seriously damaged, and if it continues to work, it will lose its safety; or if it can work safely, the loss of design accuracy will be invalid. In order to prevent the failure of parts, it is necessary to carry out failure analysis on the parts, that is, by judging the failure form of the parts, determining the failure mechanism and causes of the parts, selecting materials, determining a reasonable processing route, and proposing measures to prevent failure.
1. China Mechanical Parts failure form
The common failure modes of mechanical parts can be divided into three types: excessive deformation failure, fracture failure and surface damage failure.
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(1) Excessive deformation failure: failure of the part due to excessive deformation exceeding the allowable range. It mainly includes failure modes such as excessive elastic deformation, plastic deformation and creep occurring at high temperatures.
(2) Fracture failure: a phenomenon of separation into two or more parts that are not connected due to excessive bearing load or fatigue damage. Fracture is the most serious form of failure, including ductile fracture failure, low temperature brittle fracture failure, fatigue fracture failure, creep fracture failure and environmental failure failure.
(3) Surface damage failure: failure caused by damage or dimensional change of the surface of the part due to the relative friction of the surface or the corrosion of the environmental medium. It mainly includes forms such as surface wear failure, corrosion failure, and surface fatigue failure.