Pink Eye Antibiotics: When Are They Really Needed?

Pink eye, medically known as conjunctivitis, is a common eye condition that causes redness, irritation, and discharge. Many people assume antibiotics are always required, but understanding the correct use of pink eye antibiotics is essential for safe and effective treatment.

Pink eye occurs when the conjunctiva—the thin, transparent layer covering the white of the eye—becomes inflamed. It can be caused by bacteria, viruses, allergens, or irritants. Each type requires a different treatment approach.

Pink eye antibiotics are only effective for bacterial conjunctivitis. Signs that may indicate a bacterial infection include thick yellow or green discharge, eyelids sticking together, swelling, and redness in one or both eyes. In these cases, antibiotic eye drops or ointments help clear the infection faster and reduce the risk of spreading it to others.

Viral pink eye, often linked to colds or flu, usually clears on its own and does not respond to antibiotics. Allergic pink eye improves with antihistamines and avoiding allergens. Using pink eye antibiotics unnecessarily can lead to antibiotic resistance and unwanted side effects.