Water Rotameter has five main elements:

　　1. Metering tube-a conical cavity filled with fluid and float

　　2. Float-a spherical or symmetrical object that moves up and down according to the flow rate

　　3. Scale-marked with the increment of the flow unit used to read the flow rate

　　4. Process connections (end joints)-flanges or threaded components used to connect process fluid lines

　　5. The main body or shell-the frame or structure that contains the metering tube, float, scale, and customer connection

　　Today's Water Rotameter can provide accuracy in a variety of flow rates and operating temperature ranges.

　　Water Rotameter measures the volume flow of liquids and gases. The operation is based on the variable area principle, where the flow lifts the float in the tapered tube, thereby increasing the area through which the fluid passes. When the force exerted by the flowing fluid plus the buoyancy equals gravity, the float will reach a stable position.

　　The change in flow rate disrupts this force balance, and the float moves up or down until it reaches the force balance position again. The pressure drop on the float is very low and remains basically unchanged as the flow rate changes.

　　The float response to changes in flow rate is linear, and a flow rate range of 10 to 1 is usually standard. Variable cross-section instruments can be installed directly behind pipe fittings or valves without adversely affecting the accuracy of the instrument. Since the gas or liquid flow between the pipe wall and the float provides a flushing effect to prevent the accumulation of foreign matter, the flowmeter itself also has a self-cleaning function.

　　One of the reasons why Water Rotameters are widely used is their repeatability, which is defined as the proximity of measurement points under the same process conditions. The accuracy of the variable area meter is calculated using the full-scale accuracy method instead of the percentage method.

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