Vitiligo is a chronic skin disorder characterized by the loss of melanin, resulting in depigmented patches on the skin. While there are several types of vitiligo, one of the less common forms is segmental vitiligo. In this article, we will explore what segmental vitiligo is, its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and available Segmental Vitiligo Treatment options.

What is Segmental Vitiligo?

Segmental vitiligo, also known as unilateral vitiligo, is a subtype of vitiligo that typically affects one segment or area of the body. Unlike other forms of vitiligo, which can be symmetrical and affect both sides of the body, segmental vitiligo usually occurs unilaterally, affecting only one side of the body. The affected patches of skin are typically localized to a specific dermatome, which is an area of skin supplied by a single spinal
nerve.

Causes of Segmental Vitiligo:

The exact cause of segmental vitiligo is not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to autoimmune dysfunction, genetic factors, and neural mechanisms. Some theories suggest that segmental vitiligo may be caused by damage to melanocytes (pigment-producing cells) in the affected area due to an autoimmune response or neural damage.

Symptoms of Segmental Vitiligo:

The primary symptom of segmental vitiligo is the presence of depigmented patches of skin on one side of the body. These patches may:

• Be localized to a specific area or segment of the body
• Be asymmetrical, affecting only one side of the body
• Initially appear as small, well-defined patches that may gradually expand over time
• Be accompanied by changes in hair color or texture in the affected area

Diagnosis of Segmental Vitiligo:

• Diagnosing segmental vitiligo typically involves a physical examination by a dermatologist or healthcare provider. During the examination, the healthcare provider will:
• Evaluate the appearance and distribution of depigmented patches on the skin
• Take a thorough medical history to identify any underlying medical conditions or family history of vitiligo
• Perform additional tests, such as a Wood’s lamp examination or skin biopsy, to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other possible causes of depigmentation

Treatment Options for Segmental Vitiligo:

While there is currently no cure for vitiligo, including segmental vitiligo, several treatment options may help manage symptoms and promote repigmentation of the skin. Treatment options for segmental vitiligo may include:

Topical Corticosteroids:

Corticosteroid creams or ointments may help reduce inflammation and repigment the skin in mild cases of segmental vitiligo.

Topical Calcineurin Inhibitors:

Medications such as tacrolimus or pimecrolimus may be prescribed to suppress the immune system and reduce inflammation in the affected area.

Phototherapy (Narrowband UVB or Excimer Laser):

Phototherapy involves exposing the affected skin to ultraviolet light to stimulate melanin production and promote repigmentation.

Surgical Options (Skin Grafting, Melanocyte Transplantation):

In cases of extensive or treatment-resistant segmental vitiligo, surgical options such as skin grafting or melanocyte transplantation may be considered to achieve repigmentation.

Depigmentation Therapy:

Depigmentation therapy may be an option for individuals with extensive segmental vitiligo who prefer to lighten the unaffected skin to achieve a more uniform appearance.

Conclusion:

Segmental vitiligo is a subtype of vitiligo that typically affects one segment or area of the body. While the exact cause of segmental vitiligo is not fully understood, it is believed to be related to autoimmune dysfunction, genetic factors, and neural mechanisms. While there is currently no cure for segmental vitiligo, several treatment options are available to help manage symptoms and promote repigmentation of the skin. Kayakalp Global provides holistic, integrated, and successful segmental vitiligo treatment that not only re-pigment your skin for a more uniform skin tone, but also ensures a higher quality of life and psychological wellbeing.