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夜磨牙是病——得治

Posted By vickong pun     March 22, 2021    

Body

“吱-吱-嘎吱……”室友不堪入耳的磨牙聲,宛如磨人的小妖精,穿過耳膜,夜不能寐,而這一切,室友卻渾然不知…

夜磨牙症指睡眠時患者做磨牙或緊咬牙動作,由於牙齒磨動時常伴有“咯吱咯吱”的聲音,通常也叫“咬牙”,又因它多發生在夜間睡眠時,又叫“夜磨牙”,患者本人多不知曉,常為別人所告知,因影響他人,特別是配偶,而比較受到重視。

病因

原因主要有5種:

(1)神經緊張,心理焦慮,抑鬱,憤怒等心理因素;

(2)胃腸道疾病,內分泌紊亂也可導致此;

(3)工作壓力大,身體勞累,長期生活不規律導致磨牙現象;

(4)腸內寄生蟲病,尤其是腸蛔蟲病,在兒童中相當多見;

(5)從事精細工作者如會計師、鐘錶修理工等

但目前醫學仍沒有找到確切的病因導致磨牙症。

併發症

由於夜磨牙致使牙齒強烈的叩擊在一起,又沒有食物緩和,造成牙齒表面的保護物質過分磨損,使保護物質下面的牙本質暴露出來,輕者對冷,熱,酸,甜等刺激食物過敏;重者可導致牙床經常出血,發炎,甚至脫落。

另外破壞了咬合系統的形態和功能,它又可引起咀嚼肌功能異常,如咀嚼肌功能亢進,痙攣,疲乏,疼痛等,肌肉收縮不平衡,牙合位異常,頜間垂直高度改變,盤突位置關係失調,也直接影響顳下頜關節的正常形態和功能,表現出下頜關節處疼痛,關節彈響,張口受限等癥狀,疼痛為壓迫性和鈍性,早晨起床時尤為顯著,夜磨牙者會影響他人睡眠。

磨牙症的病因複雜,目前還沒有公認有效解除磨牙症的特異性治療方法。臨床上主要以減輕磨牙給牙齒咬合面帶來的破壞、減輕肌肉關節的癥狀為目的。如適當心理治療和牙頜調試,佩戴磨牙頜墊,以及藥物治療。原則是阻斷病因,減少損害。

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