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為什麼牙齒表面一層層脫落?是缺鈣嗎?

Posted By vickong pun     July 10, 2021    

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為什麼牙齒表面一層層脫落?是缺鈣嗎?


            很多粉絲兒私信問我們,“牙齒不是很堅硬的嗎?為什麼牙釉質會脫落呢?是不是缺鈣”?


        

            


                


            


                作為身體內最堅硬的組織——牙釉質,其實它也有“脆碎的一面”。今天,我們就來為大家揭秘——到底是什麼,讓牙釉質變得如此脆碎。


            


                


            


                


            

                

                    

                        什麼是牙釉質?

                    

                        

                            

                        

                            

                    

                

            

            


                


            


                牙釉質是牙齒在口腔中露出來的最外層的組織。它就像蛋殼一樣,保護着牙齒內部的軟組織,但是和蛋殼不同的是,牙釉質非常堅硬。


            


                


            


                


            


                


            


                如果能夠很好地維護,它可以抵禦數十年的咀嚼磨損。


            


                


            


                雖然牙齒看起來是白色的,但牙釉質實際上是透明的。光線可以穿透它顯現出下方的牙本質的顏色,牙釉質的透明度決定了牙齒看上去是明亮還是暗沉。


            


                


            


                


            


                


            


                除此之外,咖啡、茶、巧克力以及其他容易着色的物質也會使牙釉質變暗變黃變灰。


            


                


            


                


            


                


            

                

                    

                        牙釉質被破壞后帶來的體驗

                    

                        

                            

                        

                            

                    

                

            

            


                


            


                


            


                


            


                


            


                牙釉質脫落後,在牙齒上會形成蛀牙洞,但這不是唯一的壞處,你的牙齒會對冷、熱敏感。比如,吃冰激凌或喝熱咖啡都會引起疼痛,至少也會導致不適。


            


                


            


                


            


                


            

                

                    

                        致使牙釉質脫落的大敵——細菌

                    

                        

                            

                        

                            

                    

                

            

            


                


            


                儘管牙釉質如此堅硬,但它也會被破壞。食物中的酸和細菌可以一步一步地“吃掉”它,導致牙釉質被侵蝕,進而形成蛀牙。


            


                


            


                


            


                


            


                在這張牙齒局部放大圖片中,中央正在形成蛀牙,可見這部分的牙釉質已碎裂。而且,牙釉質無法再生,一旦損壞就無法修復了。


            


                


            


                那麼,這些細菌是怎麼“吃掉”牙釉質的呢?


            


                


            


                


            


                


            


                當你吃完東西,口腔里的細菌也開始了大快朵頤,它們會攝取甜食和澱粉中的糖,然後產生酸,這些酸會腐蝕你的牙釉質。


            


                


            


                另外,還有碳酸飲料、果汁中的酸也同樣有害,這些酸會不斷地腐蝕牙齒。


            


                


            


                


            


                


            

                

                    

                        加速牙釉質脫落的“隱藏敵人”

                    

                        

                            

                        

                            

                    

                

            

            


                


            

                

                    

                        

                            

                                1

                        

                    

                    

                        酒

                

            

            


                


            


                


            


                


            


                如果你喜歡在每晚來杯酒再睡,那就要小心它們會腐蝕牙齒或造成牙釉質染色,酒中的酸和色素對牙齒並不友好。


            


                


            


                如果需要喝酒,可以在正餐的時候喝,想喝飲料的人也可以選擇這個時機。因為正餐時唾液量分泌較多,有助於降低口腔的酸度。


            


                


            


                


            

                

                    

                        

                            

                                2

                        

                    

                    

                        消化問題

                

            

            


                


            


                


            


                


            


                一些全身健康問題也會影響牙釉質。這張圖中显示了暴食症患者的牙齒,由於常常嘔吐,胃酸反流入口腔導致牙釉質被侵蝕。另外,胃食管返流綜合症也會引起牙釉質的損壞。


            


                


            

                

                    

                        

                            

                                3

                        

                    

                    

                        口乾症

                

            

            


                


            


                


            


                


            


                唾液不僅可以抵消掉口腔內的酸,而且還能夠促進牙釉質修復,因此可以保護牙齒。


            


                


            


                如果你因為某些藥物的副作用導致口乾或者得了口乾症,那麼酸就會一直腐蝕你的牙齒而導致更大的危害。


            


                


            


                


            

                

                    

                        

                            

                                4

                        

                    

                    

                        磨牙症

                

            

            


                


            


                夜磨牙也是導致牙釉質損害的“隱藏敵人”。有夜磨牙的人,長年累月不正常的緊咬牙齒和磨耗牙齒,使得釉質被磨掉或折裂。


            


                


            


                


            


                


            


                這張圖上能看到上下前牙都被磨低了。


            


                


            


                磨牙症在夜間表現得最為嚴重,而此時你是無法控制自己的,一般來說放鬆自己、減少壓力可以減輕癥狀。


            


                


            


                如果發現自己有這樣的問題,可以諮詢牙醫,通過佩戴一種特殊的牙齒保護套來減少對牙釉質的損害。


            


                


            

                

                    

                        

                            

                                5

                        

                    

                    

                        把牙齒當作開瓶器

                

            

            


                


            


                


            


                雖然牙齒鋒利,就像一把隨身攜帶的“剪刀”,但決不要用牙齒開瓶子或者撕包裝袋,這樣做會使你的牙釉質碎裂。而咬鉛筆、指甲、玉米核或者冰塊以及咯吱咯吱的咬牙也會有同樣的效果。


            


                


            


                你想想,一把剪刀才多少錢。為了省剪刀用牙咬,牙齒裂開要拔牙種牙,分分鐘費用過萬。


            


                


            


                


            


                


            

                

                    

                        孩子的牙釉質也經常受侵害

                    

                        

                            

                        

                            

                    

                

            

            


                


            


                


            


                


            


                許多專家認為釉質侵蝕(或稱為脫礦)率正在上升,尤其是在孩子身上。為什麼?因為現在的孩子喝了太多酸性或者碳酸飲料。


            


                


            


                另一個原因是很多家庭會選擇瓶裝水,這樣就減少了接觸氟化物的機會,因為自來水中含氟----氟是很好的預防齲齒的物質,當然不是指過量的氟(過量的氟將導致氟斑牙)。


            


                


            


                


            


                


            

                

                    

                        預防牙釉質脫落的竅門

                    

                        

                            

                        

                            

                    

                

            

            


                


            


                要預防牙釉質脫落,可以通過幾個簡單的步驟來保護牙齒。


            


                


            

                    
                        


                            在吃飯或喝酒後刷牙


                        


                            


                    
                    
                        


                            使用軟硬適度的牙刷輕柔地刷牙,因為過度用力或者使用堅硬刷毛的牙刷會損害釉質。


                        


                            


                    
                    
                        


                            使用含氟牙膏


                        


                            


                    
                    
                        


                            在飯後喝一些牛奶或者來一片奶酪來減少食物產生的酸


                        


                            


                    
                    
                        


                            咀嚼無糖、含木糖醇的口香糖,可以促進唾液分泌,沖刷牙齒減少損害。


                        


                            


                    
                
                


                    


                

                      
                          


                              改進口腔衛生習慣,使用牙線來清潔牙間隙而不要使用牙籤。


                          


                              


                      
                  
                  


                      


                  


                      如果你正在進行牙齒美白(家庭美白),一定要在諮詢牙醫后再做,如果頻繁進行牙齒美白或者操作不當會損害牙齒。


                  


                      


                  


                      


                  


                      雖然牙釉質很硬


                  


                      但也經不起你的折磨


                  


                      就像保養你的漂亮臉蛋一樣


                  


                      好好呵護你的牙釉質吧


              

    


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