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常見牙齦炎嘅特點有邊啲?

Posted By vickong pun     December 2, 2020    

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牙齦炎有多種類型,但最常見嘅、患病率最高嘅系慢性單純性牙齦炎。呢種牙齦炎又稱為不潔性齦炎、邊緣性齦炎,通常所講嘅牙齦炎就系慢性單純性牙齦炎。咁呢種常見牙齦炎嘅特點有邊啲呢?

常見牙齦炎嘅特點有邊啲?

慢性單純性牙齦炎只侵犯牙齦組織,唔侵犯其他牙周組織。

呢種牙齦炎系由於齦緣附近牙面上嘅菌斑引起嘅慢性炎症,其病因明確,喺兒童和青少年中較普遍,患病率70%~90%。

4~5歲以前通常唔發生齦炎,大多數從5歲開始,隨著年齡嘅增長,其患病率和嚴重性也逐漸增加,到青春期達高峰,青春期過後,牙齦炎嘅患病率隨年齡嘅增長而緩慢下降,成年人牙齦炎患病率較低。

輕度嘅慢性單純性牙齦炎所侵犯嘅系游離齦和牙齦乳頭,嚴重者可侵犯附著齦,前牙區尤以下頜前牙齦炎症明顯,咬生果或擦牙時,牙齦易出血;而健康嘅牙齦就算用力擦牙,都唔會發生出血。

正常嘅游離齦很薄且緊貼牙面,牙齦有炎症時,齦緣充血、腫脹、鬆軟,齦緣變厚,牙間乳頭變為鈍圓,與牙面唔緊貼,而且齦溝加深,嚴重者附著齦可因組織水腫,點彩消失,表面光亮,齦緣有糜爛或肉芽增生,齦袋溢膿。

牙齦炎進一步發展,可有大量毛細血管增生擴張、高度充血,大量炎症細胞和組織液滲出,導致牙齦肥大,覆蓋部分牙冠,此時牙齦呈深紅或暗紅,探診極易出血。

病程較長者,可導致牙齦纖維增殖,牙齦增生突起,此時牙齦顏色輕度發紅或接近正常,質地較硬,出血較少。

以上就系「常見牙齦炎嘅特點有邊啲?」嘅具體介紹,希望對大家有所幫助。

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