The hydraulic pump is the power element of the hydraulic system. It is driven by the engine or motor and sucks oil from the hydraulic oil tank to form pressure oil which is discharged to the actuator. Hydraulic pump is divided into gear pump, plunger pump, vane pump and screw pump according to structure.

Types of commonly used hydraulic pumps:

1. According to whether the flow rate can be adjusted, it can be divided into variable pump and quantitative pump. The output flow rate can be adjusted as required, which is called variable pump, and the flow rate that cannot be adjusted is called fixed pump.

2. According to the pump structures commonly used in hydraulic systems, there are three types: gear pump, vane pump and plunger pump.

(1) Gear pump: smaller volume, simpler structure, less strict requirement on oil cleanliness and lower price; However, the pump shaft suffers from unbalanced force, serious wear and large leakage.

(2) Vane pump: divided into double-acting vane pump and single-acting vane pump. The pump has the advantages of uniform flow rate, smooth operation, low noise, higher working pressure and volumetric efficiency and more complicated structure than gear pump.

(3) plunger pump: high volume efficiency, small leakage, can work under high pressure, mostly used in high-power hydraulic systems; However, the structure is complex, the material and processing precision are required to be high, the price is expensive, and the cleanliness of oil is required to be high.

Generally, the plunger pump is only used when the gear pump and vane pump cannot meet the requirements. There are also some other types of hydraulic pumps, such as screw pumps, but their application is not as common as the above three types.

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